Sarkar, Armita
Domestic animal diversity - New Delhi Discovery Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 2013 - 207 pages illus.
1. Introduction –
Contribution for diversity –
Gradual change –
Global decline –
Advantages of agrobiodiversity –
High performance breeds may not be high performers –
Disease resistance of indigenous breeds –
Conservation of livestock diversity –
2. Animal-rearing –
Meat –
Dairy products –
Fibre –
Fertilizer –
Labour –
Land management –
Predation –
Disease –
Environmental impact –
Legal definitions –
3. Species of cattle –
Health –
4. The domestic goat –
5. House rabbits –
Characteristics and anatomy –
Other fictional rabbits –
Urban legends –
6. Deer –
Piebald deer –
White deer –
Hybrid deer –
Heraldry –
Reindeer –
Size –
Fur –
Nose and hooves –
Reproduction –
Migration –
Predators –
Tundra reindeer –
Hunting –
Reindeer husbandry –
Economy –
Name etymology –
Local names –
7. Sheep husbandry –
Animal welfare concerns –
8. Domestic Asian water buffalo –
Taxonomy –
Europe and Middle East –
North America –
South America –
Reproduction –
Environmental effects –
First cloned buffalo –
9. Domestic dog –
DNA studies –
Sports and shows –
As food source –
Health risks to humans –
Shelters –
biology –
Hearing –
Smell –
Physical characteristics –
Tail –
Mortality –
Predation –
Neutering –
Dog growl –
Behaviour –
Trainability –
10. Llama –
Mating –
Gestation –
Crias –
Harem breeding –
Field breeding –
Hand breeding –
Spit testing –
Progesterone testing –
Palpation –
Ultrasound –
Inca Empire –
Spanish empire –
Fibre –
11. Donkey –
Nutrition –
Present status –
Feral donkeys –
Donkeys in warfare –
Fable and folklore –
Literature –
12. Horse –
Size and measurement –
Hooves –
Teeth –
Digestion –
Intelligence and learning –
Temperament –
Wild species –
Surviving into modern times –
Domestication –
Feral populations –
Breeds –
Interaction with humans –
Entertainment and culture –
Therapeutic use –
Warfare –
Products –
13. American Bison –
Differences from European Bison –
Wallowing behaviour –
19th century bison hunts –
Bison hunting today –
14. Camel –
Military uses –
19th and 20th centuries –
Milk –
Meat –
15. Domestic cat –
Diseases –
Poisoning –
Sociability –
Grooming –
Impact on prey species –
Impact on birds –
Domesticated cats –
Tabby –
Tortoiseshell and Calico –
Colourpoint –
White cat –
Smoke cats –
body types –
Semi-foreign –
Semi-cobby –
Cobby –
Effects on human health –
Indoor scratching –
Waste –
Feral cats –
History and mythology–
16. Domestic duck –
As pets and ornamentals –
Breeding –
Communication –
Distribution an habitat –
Predators.
"Domestic Animal Diversity covers the spectrum of genetic differences species, together with the species differences. This variety is available for the sustainable intensification of food and agriculture production.
Industrial livestock production and also increasingly livestock production in mixed crop-livestock systems use a very limited range of animal breeds. This has already led to the extinction of some local livestock breeds and to the genetic erosion of others.
Specific genetically determined capacities in local breeds to cope with the climatic, nutritional and disease challenge may already have been lost.
Despite agricultural advances, an estimated 826 million people, or about 13 per cent of the world's population, still go hungry. The development of high-performing livestock and poultry breeds has greatly contributed to the increase of food production, especially in temperate climates. These advances in technology are increasingly being adopted in tropical regions, but their indiscriminate export into tropical countries has at times ended in failure. The animals cannot stand the heat, they need optimal inputs and more easily develop diseases. To overcome these weaknesses, the ongoing approach is the widespread promotion of crossbreeding high-yielding breeds with hardy and well adapted local animals. The price of this and other developments is high: local breeds are disappearing at a rate of two breeds a week. This has far-reaching consequences, not only for our generation but also for the generations to come. Genetic resources are among the most valuable assets that a country holds. Human societies have, for at least 12000 years, recognized the importance of these assets and have been engaged in the domestication of wild plants and animals to meet a variety of needs. Domestic animals make a major contribution to human requirements for food in the form of meat, milk, milk products, eggs, fibre, fertilizer for crops as well as drought power. The number of domestic animal species contributing to agriculture is low, with less than 30 species being used extensively, and with less than 14 species accounting for over 90 per cent of global livestock production. However, whilst the number of species being used in the livestock sector is low, the genetic diversity of these species has been used extremely effectively. Farmers and breeders have successfully selected animals for a variety of traits and production environments, resulting in the development of over 6000 breeds of livestock. From just nine of the 14 most important species (cattle, horse, ass, pig, sheep, buffalo, goat, chicken and duck) as many as 4000 breeds have been developed and used worldwide. The FAO's Domestic Animal Diversity Information System had, in March 2005, records of over 6900 breeds in 35 species from 180 countries, including information on origin, population, risk status, performance and morphology. Of these, over 700 are already extinct and it is estimated that 30 per cent of the world's breeds are at risk of extinction."
- Author
9789350562536
Domestic animals.
Ref 636.088 Sa73d 2013
Domestic animal diversity - New Delhi Discovery Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 2013 - 207 pages illus.
1. Introduction –
Contribution for diversity –
Gradual change –
Global decline –
Advantages of agrobiodiversity –
High performance breeds may not be high performers –
Disease resistance of indigenous breeds –
Conservation of livestock diversity –
2. Animal-rearing –
Meat –
Dairy products –
Fibre –
Fertilizer –
Labour –
Land management –
Predation –
Disease –
Environmental impact –
Legal definitions –
3. Species of cattle –
Health –
4. The domestic goat –
5. House rabbits –
Characteristics and anatomy –
Other fictional rabbits –
Urban legends –
6. Deer –
Piebald deer –
White deer –
Hybrid deer –
Heraldry –
Reindeer –
Size –
Fur –
Nose and hooves –
Reproduction –
Migration –
Predators –
Tundra reindeer –
Hunting –
Reindeer husbandry –
Economy –
Name etymology –
Local names –
7. Sheep husbandry –
Animal welfare concerns –
8. Domestic Asian water buffalo –
Taxonomy –
Europe and Middle East –
North America –
South America –
Reproduction –
Environmental effects –
First cloned buffalo –
9. Domestic dog –
DNA studies –
Sports and shows –
As food source –
Health risks to humans –
Shelters –
biology –
Hearing –
Smell –
Physical characteristics –
Tail –
Mortality –
Predation –
Neutering –
Dog growl –
Behaviour –
Trainability –
10. Llama –
Mating –
Gestation –
Crias –
Harem breeding –
Field breeding –
Hand breeding –
Spit testing –
Progesterone testing –
Palpation –
Ultrasound –
Inca Empire –
Spanish empire –
Fibre –
11. Donkey –
Nutrition –
Present status –
Feral donkeys –
Donkeys in warfare –
Fable and folklore –
Literature –
12. Horse –
Size and measurement –
Hooves –
Teeth –
Digestion –
Intelligence and learning –
Temperament –
Wild species –
Surviving into modern times –
Domestication –
Feral populations –
Breeds –
Interaction with humans –
Entertainment and culture –
Therapeutic use –
Warfare –
Products –
13. American Bison –
Differences from European Bison –
Wallowing behaviour –
19th century bison hunts –
Bison hunting today –
14. Camel –
Military uses –
19th and 20th centuries –
Milk –
Meat –
15. Domestic cat –
Diseases –
Poisoning –
Sociability –
Grooming –
Impact on prey species –
Impact on birds –
Domesticated cats –
Tabby –
Tortoiseshell and Calico –
Colourpoint –
White cat –
Smoke cats –
body types –
Semi-foreign –
Semi-cobby –
Cobby –
Effects on human health –
Indoor scratching –
Waste –
Feral cats –
History and mythology–
16. Domestic duck –
As pets and ornamentals –
Breeding –
Communication –
Distribution an habitat –
Predators.
"Domestic Animal Diversity covers the spectrum of genetic differences species, together with the species differences. This variety is available for the sustainable intensification of food and agriculture production.
Industrial livestock production and also increasingly livestock production in mixed crop-livestock systems use a very limited range of animal breeds. This has already led to the extinction of some local livestock breeds and to the genetic erosion of others.
Specific genetically determined capacities in local breeds to cope with the climatic, nutritional and disease challenge may already have been lost.
Despite agricultural advances, an estimated 826 million people, or about 13 per cent of the world's population, still go hungry. The development of high-performing livestock and poultry breeds has greatly contributed to the increase of food production, especially in temperate climates. These advances in technology are increasingly being adopted in tropical regions, but their indiscriminate export into tropical countries has at times ended in failure. The animals cannot stand the heat, they need optimal inputs and more easily develop diseases. To overcome these weaknesses, the ongoing approach is the widespread promotion of crossbreeding high-yielding breeds with hardy and well adapted local animals. The price of this and other developments is high: local breeds are disappearing at a rate of two breeds a week. This has far-reaching consequences, not only for our generation but also for the generations to come. Genetic resources are among the most valuable assets that a country holds. Human societies have, for at least 12000 years, recognized the importance of these assets and have been engaged in the domestication of wild plants and animals to meet a variety of needs. Domestic animals make a major contribution to human requirements for food in the form of meat, milk, milk products, eggs, fibre, fertilizer for crops as well as drought power. The number of domestic animal species contributing to agriculture is low, with less than 30 species being used extensively, and with less than 14 species accounting for over 90 per cent of global livestock production. However, whilst the number of species being used in the livestock sector is low, the genetic diversity of these species has been used extremely effectively. Farmers and breeders have successfully selected animals for a variety of traits and production environments, resulting in the development of over 6000 breeds of livestock. From just nine of the 14 most important species (cattle, horse, ass, pig, sheep, buffalo, goat, chicken and duck) as many as 4000 breeds have been developed and used worldwide. The FAO's Domestic Animal Diversity Information System had, in March 2005, records of over 6900 breeds in 35 species from 180 countries, including information on origin, population, risk status, performance and morphology. Of these, over 700 are already extinct and it is estimated that 30 per cent of the world's breeds are at risk of extinction."
- Author
9789350562536
Domestic animals.
Ref 636.088 Sa73d 2013