ASCOT Library Zabali Campus

Part I: introduction to surveying –
Lesson 1: Surveying. Definition of surveying. Plane and geodetic surveying. Types of surveys. Development of surveying instruments. --
Lesson 2: Surveying measurements. The meter. International system of units (SI). Units of measurement. Significant figures. Rounding off numbers. --
Lesson 3: Student field practice. Surveying field notes. The field notebook. Types of notes. Information found in filed notebooks. The field survey party. --
Lesson 4: Errors. Mistakes. Types of errors. Sources of errors. Accuracy and precision. Theory of probability. Most probable value. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 5: Residual. Probable error. Relative (error) precision. Weighted observations. Interrelationship of errors. Illustrative problems. --
Part II: measurement of horizontal distances –
Lesson 6: measurement of distance. Distance by pacing. Distance by taping. Distance by tachymetry. Distance by graphical and mathematical methods. Distance by mechanical devices. Distance by photogrammetry. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 7: electronic distance measurement. Geodimeter. Tellurometer. Measuring tapes. Taping accessories.
Lesson 8: composition of taping party. The procedure of taping. Breaking tape. Slope taping. Corrections in taping. Correction due to incorrect tape length. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 9: Correction due to slope. Correction due to alignment. Correction due to temperature. Correction due to tension. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 10: Correction due to sag. Correction due to wind. Normal tension. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 11: Combined corrections. Surveys with tape. Illustrative problems. --
Part III: measurement of vertical distances –
Lesson 12: Leveling. Definition of terms. Leveling methods. Types of levels. --
Lesson 13: leveling rods. Other types of rod. Tod level. Targets. -- Telescopes -- Magnification level vial -- Coincidence bubble. Tripods. --
Lesson 14: setting up the level. Leveling the instrument. Holding the leveling rod. taking a rod reading. Determining difference in elevation. Lengths of sight. Waving the rod. Carrying the instrument. Arm and hand signals. --
Lesson 15: sources of errors in leveling. Common mistakes in leveling. Adjustment of the dumpy level. Illustrative problem. --
Lesson 16. Alternate procedure for two-peg test. Curvature and refraction. Illustrative problems. --
Part IV: leveling methods –
Lesson 17: Differential leveling. Definition of terms. Procedure of differential leveling. Leveling notes. Checking level notes. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 18: double-rodded leveling. Three-wire leveling. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 19: Profile leveling. Definition of terms. Procedure of profile leveling. Stationing. Profile level notes. Plotting profiles. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 20: Rise and fall method leveling. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 21: reciprocal leveling. Trigonometric leveling. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 22: Barometric leveling. Barometers. Surveying altimeters. Altimeter surveys. Inverse leveling. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 23: Cross section leveling. Adjustment of level circuits. Illustrative problems. --
Part V: measurement of angles and directions –
Lesson 24: meridians. Expedient methods of establishing meridians. Units of angular measurement. Designation of North Points. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 25: direction of lines. Interior angles. Deflection angles. Angles to the right. Bearings. Forward and back bearings. Azimuths. Forward and backward azimuths. Illustrative problems.
Lesson 26: the compass. Types of compasses. Magnetic declination. Illustrative problems. --
Lesson 27: variations in magnetic declination. -- Isogonic chart. Use of the compass. Local attraction. Magnetic dip. Compass surveys.
Part VI: the Engineer’s transit and theodolite – Part VII – traversing and traverse computations – Part VIII: omitted measurements – part IX: area computations Part X: partition of land.

“The course of instruction presented in this book designed primarily for students pursuing a general engineering curriculum where surveying is a required subject. It is also suited for students of architecture, forestry, agriculture, and others who have a need to learn or teach more effectively the basic concepts, theory and practice of surveying. The course approach used is the result of over twenty years of extensive evaluation of the various courses of instruction in surveying handled and directed personally by the author while working with the academic faculties the Philippine Military Academy, Baguio Colleges Foundation Mapua Institute of Technology, University of Baguio, and the University of Maine at Orono.
In this book the basic theory and concepts of surveying are introduced. The more important topics presented are on the primary operations of surveying which concentrated are the measurement of distances, directions, and differences in elevations. The features and uses of conventional surveying instruments are likewise discussed. The book is expected to be an effective tool for home study or for any situation where greater reliance is placed upon the student's reading. This book should aid the student in developing the ability to visualize, to think and plan logically, work carefully and accurately, and to arrange the product of these efforts in a neat and orderly manner for record or presentation. The different lesson modules presented have been programmed for a one semester course meeting 3 hours weekly for a period of 18 weeks. All lessons are interrelated and logically arranged into a comprehensive course of study. The 48 lesson modules have been designed for easy comprehension should require only a minimum of instructor consultation or assistance. In fact, the book is more of a guide for self-study, almost simulating an actual classroom lecture and easy to understand. Explanations and discussions are complete, simplified illustrations Extensive use has been made of and labeled sketches. Illustrative problems with clearly laid out solutions usually accompany each lesson module to help the student grasp important principles and concepts more easily. Also, the book has been written with reference only to SI units. Ten unit examinations are given for the student to work out to determine his or her level of comprehension. To provide the student enough practice in solving typical surveying problems, ten problem sets have also been incorporated.
The author only hopes that this book will help improve the learning capability and performance of the student, and also facilitate the work of the surveying instructor.” - PILAPIL LA PUTT